By the time a child is six or seven she has all the necessary avoidances well enough by heart to be trusted with the care of a younger child. And she also ___36__ number of simple techniques. She learns to weave firm square balls from palm leaves, to climb a coconut tree by ___37___up the trunk on flexible little feet, to___38___open a coconut with one firm well-directed blow of a knife as long as she is tall, to play a number of group games and sing the songs which go with them, to tidy the house by   39    up the rubbish on the stony floor, to bring water from the sea, to spread out the branches to dry and to help    40    them in when rain   41   , to go to a neighboring house and bring back a lighted stick for the chief's pipe or the cook-house fire.

But in the case of the little girls all these    42    are merely supplementary to the main business of baby-tending. Very small boys also have some care of the younger children,   43    at eight or nine years of age they are usually free from it.

Little boys are    44   to interesting and important activities only so long as their behavior is careful and helpful.   45    small girls are suddenly pushed aside, small boys will be patiently allowed and they become   46   at making themselves useful. The four or five little boys will help a grown youth catch reef eels, __47__ themselves into a highly efficient working team; one boy holds the bait, another holds a rope, others look for eels in holes in the reef, ___48___ still another puts the captured eels into his bag. The small girls, burdened with heavy babies,   49  by the hostility (敌对) of the small boys and the laugh of the older ones, have little _50___ for learning the more adventurous forms of work and play. So while the little boys first undergo the punishing effects of baby-tending and then have many opportunities to learn effective    51   under the supervision of older boys, the girls' education is   52   all-round. They have a high standard of individual responsibility, but the community provides them with no   53    in cooperation with one another. This is particularly apparent in the activities of young people: the boys organize quickly; the girls   54   hours in quarreling,   55   in any technique for quick and efficient cooperation.

36. A. loses                    B. develops             C. forgets                D. finds

37. A. walking                 B. picking                C. setting                 D. speeding

38. A. break                    B. push                    C. reach                  D. dig

39. A. cutting                  B. opening               C. getting                D. picking

40. A. gather                  B. let                        C. call                      D. fill

41. A. ends                     B. leaves                 C. threatens            D. works

42. A. tasks                    B. means                 C. difficulties            D. pleasures

43. A. and                       B. but                      C. still                      D. therefore

44. A. forced                   B. found                  C. admitted              D. taught

45. A. If                           B. Where                 C. What                   D. How

46. A. weak                     B. surprised             C. excited                D. expert

47. A. winning                 B. enjoying              C. developing          D. organizing

48. A. if                           B. where                  C. though                D. while

49. A. discouraged         B. welcomed            C. inspired               D. kept

50. A. opportunity           B. fun                      C. plan                    D. purpose

51. A. ways                     B. cooperation         C. ideas                   D. exercises

52. A. more                     B. yet                       C. less                     D. so

53. A. partners               B. teachers              C. lessons               D. findings

54. A. get                        B. gain                     C. have                   D. waste

55. A. unskilled               B. unknown             C. interested           D. lost